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pathology

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 
Which muscle would be paralyzed if he sciatic nerve were severed?
a.
Trapiezus
c.
gluteus maximus
b.
Biceps femoris
d.
erector spinae
 

 2. 
Senile lentigo or liver spots on the skin
a.
are not contraindicated for massage
c.
should be referred to a dermatologist
b.
are contraindicated for massage
d.
can be a symptom of cancer
 

 3. 
If massage is used in early stages of fracture healing, it should be given particularly on the area
a.
promixmal to the actual site
c.
medial to the actual site
b.
distal to the actual site
d.
lateral to the actual site
 

 4. 
Contraindicated fungal skin infections
a.
herpes simplex
c.
athlete’s foot
b.
warts
d.
all of the above
 

 5. 
Which condition is present when there is an injury of the ulnar nerve at the elbow?
a.
inability to flex fingers fully
c.
flaccidity
b.
spacticity
d.
spasms
 

 6. 
In treating a patient with kyphosis, which muscle or muscles should the massage therapist try to stretch and relax?
a.
pectorals
c.
erector spinae
b.
phomboids
d.
trapiezus
 

 7. 
If a client has skin damaged by the burns of fire, chemicals, or radiation and requires grafting
a.
massage can be done after the graft heals
c.
gentle range of motion (ROM) can increase mobility
b.
this is a third-degree burn
d.
all of the above
 

 8. 
Which technique is recommended for rheumatoid arthritis?
a.
effleurage
c.
kneading
b.
gentle friction
d.
tapotement
 

 9. 
Massage can be beneficial for a headache with symptom(s) of
a.
sinus pressure
c.
release of toxins
b.
vascular disruption
d.
all of the above
 

 10. 
Thorough assessment of a client’s medical intake reveals
a.
addictions
c.
personal information
b.
emotional problems
d.
contraindications for massage
 

 11. 
herpes simplex is an ____ infection of the skin
a.
bacterial
c.
noncontagious
b.
viral
d.
autoimmune
 

 12. 
Adhesion development and excessive scarring following trauma can be prevented or reduced with
a.
joint movements
c.
friction massage
b.
petrissage
d.
passive movements
 

 13. 
Most muscle strains occur on the _____.
a.
tendons
c.
tight, spasmed muscle
b.
anatagonist muscle
d.
all of the above
 

 14. 
Techniques to avoid using on a pregnant client are heavy precussion and
a.
deep tissue massage
c.
petrissage
b.
Tapotement
d.
lymph stimulation
 

 15. 
Which of the following is a virus-induced mass produced by uncontrolled epithelial skin cell growth?
a.
moles
c.
carbuncle
b.
cyst
d.
warts
 

 16. 
If a client has a hernia, the best approach is
a.
clearance from a physician
c.
to reschedule appointment
b.
local contraindication around affected area
d.
start massage in a prone position
 

 17. 
In order to evaluate projected pain it is necessary to know the
a.
portion of the brain involved
c.
distal nerve that is compressed
b.
proximal nerve that is compressed
d.
none of the above
 

 18. 
When a client has fibromyalgia, it is best to
a.
avoid giving a massage due to the pain
c.
wait until the disease is in remission
b.
assess the “tender points” and tailor the treatment
d.
refer to a reflexologist
 

 19. 
A sprain with extensive swelling is caused by an injury to the
a.
muscle
c.
ligament
b.
wrist
d.
tendon
 

 20. 
massage can be beneficial if a client is recovering from pneumonia because
a.
tapotement and vibration on the chest can help drain the secretions
c.
the client can resume normal activity
b.
the client is no longer contagious
d.
non of the above
 

 21. 
Injuries that have a gradual onset or reoccur often are called
a.
sprains
c.
acute
b.
occupational
d.
chronic
 

 22. 
A disease of the nervous system that is contraindicated for massage is
a.
multiple sclerosis
c.
sciatica
b.
meningitis
d.
parkinson’s disease
 

 23. 
Massage interfaces with the effects of many medications; therefore, it is important to reference drugs in the
a.
gray’s anatomy
c.
websters dictionary
b.
physicians desk reference
d.
medical dictionary
 

 24. 
A muscle strain that involves a partial tear of 10% to 50% of the muscle fibers is classified as
a.
Grade I
c.
Grade III
b.
Grade II
d.
Parietal
 

 25. 
Which nerve is affected in carpal tunnel syndrome?
a.
axillary
c.
medial pectoral
b.
median
d.
radial
 

 26. 
The popliteal fossa is an endangerment site because of the
a.
lymph nodes
c.
median cubital vein
b.
tibial and peroneal nerves
d.
kidney
 

 27. 
What client information is critical in the history intake process?
a.
previous surgeries
c.
medical conditions
b.
illnesses
d.
all of the above
 

 28. 
To reduce adhesions and fibrosis, which of the following movements is used?
a.
cross-fiber friction
c.
pressing
b.
wringing
d.
squeezing
 

 29. 
Massage therapists should be able to assess the effects of medications that alter muscle tone, cardiovascular function and
a.
annticoagulants
c.
analgesics
b.
personality
d.
all of the above
 

 30. 
Why is it important to have illnesses and/or medical conditions available before a massage?
a.
the state requires this
c.
if you are giving a relaxation massage, it is not necessary
b.
for the purpose of assessing any potential contraindication
d.
it is not necessary to do an intake unless you are a nurse
 

 31. 
Pathogenic organisms cause the development of many disease processes and include
a.
Virus and bacteria
c.
protozoa
b.
fungi
d.
all of the above
 

 32. 
Severe strain of trapiezus and deltoid muscles is called
a.
racquetball shoulder
c.
skier’s snap
b.
tennis elbow
d.
bowler’s break
 

 33. 
Overstretching of the gracilis and adductor muscle on the inner thigh results from
a.
soccer
c.
horseback riding
b.
tennis
d.
bowling
 

 34. 
The client may react to pain with
a.
fear and anxiety
c.
active movement
b.
ischemic response
d.
passive movement
 

 35. 
Sever varicose veins are a (an) _____ for massage.
a.
indication
c.
embolus
b.
taboo
d.
contraindication
 

 36. 
Sciatic nerve damage diminishes the ability to
a.
flex the hip
c.
adduct the hip
b.
flex the knee
d.
abduct the hip
 

 37. 
Swelling of one entire leg is usually caused by pathology in
a.
heart muscle
c.
kidney
b.
a blood vessel
d.
liver
 

 38. 
In a patient with subdeltoid bursitis, the pain is worse if the arm is
a.
abducted
c.
hyperextended
b.
adducted
d.
laterally rotated
 

 39. 
Arthristis is a(an)
a.
Vitamin D deficiency
c.
inflammation of the joints
b.
Vitamin C deficiency
d.
bone fracture
 

 40. 
Facial paralysis can be due to a lesion in which cranial nerve?
a.
III
c.
VII
b.
VI
d.
VIII
 

 41. 
With chronic swelling around the petella, what massage technique do you use on the thigh?
a.
kneading o of the thigh
c.
effleurage proximal to knee
b.
friction of the knee
d.
effleurage distal to knee
 

 42. 
inflammation of the walls of a vein is called
a.
aneurysm
c.
varicose vein
b.
phlebitis
d.
atherosclerosis
 

 43. 
When treating swelling die to a dislocated knee, which technique is valuable?
a.
effleurage
c.
tapotement
b.
kneading
d.
friction
 

 44. 
Most stress and pain patterns that respond to therapeutic massage involve the
a.
circulatory and nervous system
c.
muscle system
b.
nervous and endocrine system
d.
none of the above
 

 45. 
To treat the 7th cranial nerve palsy (Bell’s palsy), brisk friction kneading should be done
a.
from the mandible to hairline vertically
c.
transversely with both hands
b.
from the hairline to maxilla
d.
not at all
 

 46. 
According to cyriax, which stroke is best for tenosynovitis?
a.
effluerage
c.
percussion
b.
transverse friction
d.
vibration
 

 47. 
Muscular Dystrophy is characterized by degeneration and wasting of
a.
muscle tissue
c.
epithelial tissue
b.
nervous tissue
d.
all of the above
 

 48. 
Massage is helpful with medical supervision for
a.
rheumatoid arthritis
c.
ankylosing spondylitis
b.
lupus
d.
all of the above
 

 49. 
A term that means an abnormally low level of WBCs is
a.
leukopenia
c.
leukocytosis
b.
Leukocytopenisa
d.
leukophoma
 

 50. 
Tight hamstrings contribute to back pain due to
a.
limited lumbar movement
c.
limited hip flexion
b.
Ischial origin
d.
all of the above
 

 51. 
Carpal tunnel syndrome affects the
a.
volar aspect of the wrist
c.
anterior forearm
b.
dorsal wrist
d.
forearm extensors
 

 52. 
When there is damage to the ulnar nerve with the inability to flex the fingers strongly, which condition would be present?
a.
flaccidity
c.
spasm
b.
spasticity
d.
all of the above
 

 53. 
Cutting the median nerve results in the inability to
a.
flex the thumb
c.
extend the elbow
b.
extend the wrist
d.
supinate the arm
 

 54. 
Which is an example of a fungus infection?
a.
athlete’s foot
c.
typhoid
b.
furuncle
d.
rheumatoid arthritis
 

 55. 
Fusiform swelling in the fingers and joint calcification of the hand are seen in
a.
Gout
c.
polio
b.
arthritis
d.
rheumatoid arthritis
 

 56. 
Loss of function of the wrist and outer fingers is due t to an injury to the
a.
brachical nerve
c.
median nerve
b.
radial nerve
d.
ulnar nerve
 

 57. 
A survivor of abuse can benefit from massage by
a.
feeling a sense of safety
c.
retrieving memory
b.
releasing or letting go
d.
all of the above
 

 58. 
Sciatic nerve injury may include symptoms of
a.
a herniated disc
c.
osteoarthritis of the lumbosacral spine
b.
a dislocated hip
d.
all of the above
 

 59. 
Shin splint syndrome affects the
a.
lateral malleolus
c.
fibula
b.
periosteum around the tibia
d.
all of the above
 

 60. 
Our emotions can lead to disease with the excess use of
a.
food
c.
alcohol and drugs
b.
nicotine
d.
all of the above