Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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All
substances are made of subatomic particles that form atoms that are arranged in specific patterns and
structures called _____. a. | molecules | b. | organs | c. | tissues | d. | cells | | |
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2.
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Within the human organism, the basic units of structure and function are called
_____. a. | systems | b. | organs | c. | tissues | d. | cells | | |
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3.
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All
living matter is composed of _____. a. | ectoplasm | b. | protoplasm | c. | endoplasm | d. | retroplasm | | |
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4.
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Living cells in the human body differ from one another in all of the following EXCEPT
_____. a. | size | b. | shape | c. | function | d. | composition | | |
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5.
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The
_____ and cell nucleus control cell reproduction. a. | ribosomes | b. | mitochondria | c. | centrosomes | d. | Golgi
apparatus | | |
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6.
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As a
cell matures and is nourished, it grows in size and eventually divides into two daughter cells. This
form of cell division is called _____. a. | meiosis | b. | mitosis | c. | menarche | d. | maturation | | |
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7.
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_____
is the complex chemical and physical process that takes place in living organisms whereby the cells
are nourished and carry out their various activities. a. | Vegetation | b. | Reproduction | c. | Metabolism | d. | Cannibalism | | |
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8.
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_____
is the process of building larger molecules from smaller ones. a. | Homeostasis | b. | Anabolism | c. | Catabolism | d. | Reproduction | | |
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9.
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_____
are protein substances that act as organic catalysts to initiate, accelerate, or control specific
chemical reactions in the metabolic process while they remain unchanged. a. | Enzymes | b. | Lipids | c. | Carbohydrates | d. | Proteins | | |
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10.
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During the digestive process, carbohydrates are broken down into simple sugars called
_____. a. | lipids | b. | glucose | c. | amino
acids | d. | proteins | | |
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11.
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_____
tissue is a thin protective layer or covering that functions in the process of absorption, excretion,
secretion, and protection. a. | Nervous | b. | Muscular | c. | Epithelial | d. | Connective | | |
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12.
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Membranes are structures closely associated with epithelial tissue. There are two main
categories of membranes: _____ and _____ membranes. a. | cuboidal,
stratified | b. | fibrous connective, epithelial | c. | simple,
transitional | d. | simple, mucous | | |
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13.
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The
membrane covering the bones is called the _____. a. | perichondrium | b. | synovial | c. | epithelium | d. | periosteum | | |
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14.
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_____
tissue binds structures together, provides support and protection, and serves as a
framework. a. | Epithelium | b. | Connective | c. | Liquid | d. | Nervous | | |
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15.
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_____
is found between the vertebrae and in the pubic symphysis where strong support and minimal range of
movement are required. a. | Tendons | b. | Ligaments | c. | Adipose tissue | d. | Fibrocartilage | | |
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16.
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_____
tissue is connective tissue in which the intercellular substance is rendered hard by being
impregnated with mineral salts. a. | Bone | b. | Ligament | c. | Cartilage | d. | Tendon | | |
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17.
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_____
is a type of connective tissue that forms a fibrous network under the skin from the top of the skull
to the tips of the toes and throughout the body. a. | Muscle | b. | Cartilage | c. | Tendon | d. | Fascia | | |
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18.
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_____
muscles are usually attached to bone or other muscle by way of tendons and can be controlled by
conscious effort. a. | Smooth | b. | Cardiac | c. | Skeletal | d. | Nonstriated | | |
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19.
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_____
lack striations and usually cannot be stimulated to contract by conscious effort. a. | Skeletal | b. | Smooth | c. | Cardiac | d. | None of the above | | |
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20.
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_____
tissue initiates, controls, and coordinates the body’s adaptation to its
surroundings. a. | Connective | b. | Nervous | c. | Liquid | d. | Muscle | | |
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21.
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_____
tissue is represented by blood and lymph. a. | Connective | b. | Nervous | c. | Muscle | d. | Liquid | | |
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22.
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The
_____ divides the body into left and right parts by an imaginary line running vertically down the
body. a. | sagittal
plane | b. | coronal plane | c. | transverse
plane | d. | superior plane | | |
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23.
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The
_____ is an imaginary line that divides the body horizontally into upper and lower
portions. a. | sagittal
plane | b. | coronal plane | c. | transverse
plane | d. | caudal plane | | |
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24.
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The
_____ aspect of a human body is situated behind or in back of. a. | superior | b. | inferior | c. | anterior | d. | posterior | | |
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25.
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The
_____ is the largest organ of the body. a. | brain | b. | heart | c. | liver | d. | skin | | |
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26.
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Which
one of the following is NOT a primary function of the skin? a. | Protection | b. | Reproduction | c. | Secretion | d. | Sensation | | |
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27.
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The
_____ layer of the skin is considered to be the “true” skin. a. | epidermis | b. | dermis | c. | subcutaneous | d. | muscle | | |
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28.
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There
are three kinds of fibers that intermingle with the cells of the dermis. They include all of the
following EXCEPT _____. a. | elastin | b. | collagen | c. | reticulum | d. | tactile | | |
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29.
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_____
makes up approximately 70 percent of the dry weight of the skin and gives it strength, form, and
flexibility. a. | Elastin | b. | Collagen | c. | Reticulum | d. | Keratin | | |
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30.
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The
_____ forms a protective layer over every part of the body and varies in thickness, being thickest in
the palms of the hands and soles of the feet and thinnest on the inner sides of the
limbs. a. | epidermis | b. | dermis | c. | subcutaneous | d. | collagen | | |
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31.
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The
cells of the _____ layer of the epidermis are almost dead and undergo a change into cells of the more
superficial layers. a. | stratum corneum | b. | stratum
granulosum | c. | stratum spinosum | d. | stratum
germinativum | | |
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32.
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_____
refers to abnormal conditions of the skin resulting from contact with chemicals or other exterior
agents. a. | Urticaria | b. | Psoriasis | c. | Contact
dermatitis | d. | Eczema | | |
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33.
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_____
glands are sweat glands. a. | Sudoriferous | b. | Sebaceous | c. | Subcutaneous | d. | Subterranean | | |
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34.
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Sudoriferous glands are under the control of the _____ nervous system and are located
in the dermis. a. | sympathetic | b. | parasympathetic | c. | autonomic | d. | visceral | | |
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35.
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Hair
and nails are considered to be _____ of the skin. a. | glands | b. | appendages | c. | waste products | d. | secretions | | |
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36.
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Hair
and nails are composed mainly of _____. a. | adipose tissue | b. | collagen | c. | keratin | d. | cartilage | | |
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37.
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_____
glands are associated with hair follicles. a. | Sudoriferous | b. | Sebaceous | c. | Semipermeable | d. | Subcutaneous | | |
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38.
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_____
muscles are associated with hair follicles and are positioned in such a way that they contract in
reaction to cold or emotional stimuli. a. | Arrector pili | b. | Smooth | c. | Skeletal | d. | Cardiac | | |
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39.
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A(n)
_____ is a blister containing a watery fluid. a. | bulla | b. | macule | c. | papule | d. | pustule | | |
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40.
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A(n)
_____ is an external swelling, varying in size, shape, and color such as a
carcinoma. a. | macule | b. | pustule | c. | tumor | d. | vesicle | | |
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41.
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A(n)
_____ is a solid lump larger than a papule that projects above the surface of the skin. An example is
a lipoma or cyst. a. | macule | b. | tubercle | c. | pustule | d. | vesicle | | |
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42.
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A(n)
_____ is an itchy, swollen lesion that lasts only a few hours. An example is hives or an insect
bite. a. | bulla | b. | papule | c. | vesicle | d. | wheal | | |
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43.
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The
medical term for scar is _____. a. | excoriation | b. | fissure | c. | cicatrix | d. | ulcer | | |
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44.
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A(n)
_____ is an open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body, accompanied by pus and loss of
skin depth. a. | crust | b. | excoriation | c. | scar | d. | ulcer | | |
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45.
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The
least malignant and most common type of skin cancer is _____. a. | squamous cell
carcinoma | b. | malignant melanoma | c. | basal cell
carcinoma | d. | decubitus ulceration | | |
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46.
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The
skeletal system is composed of all of the following EXCEPT _____. a. | bones | b. | cartilage | c. | ligaments | d. | tendons | | |
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47.
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_____
bones include those of the legs, arms, fingers, and toes. a. | Flat | b. | Long | c. | Short | d. | Irregular | | |
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48.
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_____
bones include the carpals and tarsals. a. | Flat | b. | Long | c. | Short | d. | Irregular | | |
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49.
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_____
bones include those in the skull, pelvis, and ribs. a. | Flat | b. | Long | c. | Short | d. | Irregular | | |
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50.
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Vertebrae are examples of _____ bones. a. | flat | b. | long | c. | short | d. | irregular | | |
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51.
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The
shaft area of a long bone is called the _____. a. | epiphysis | b. | diaphysis | c. | periosteum | d. | endosteum | | |
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52.
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The
_____ is a fibrous membrane whose function is to protect the bone and serve as an attachment for
tendons and ligaments. a. | endosteum | b. | periosteum | c. | articular cartilage | d. | teosteum | | |
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53.
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_____
bone consists of irregularly shaped spaces defined by thin bony plates. It is found in flat bones and
in the ends of long bones, and it is filled with red bone marrow. a. | Dense | b. | Compact | c. | Spongy | d. | Lacey | | |
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54.
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Yellow bone marrow is located in the _____ shaft of long bones. a. | epiphysis | b. | medullary cavity | c. | endosteum | d. | compact | | |
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55.
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_____
bone marrow functions in the production of red and white blood cells and platelets. a. | Red | b. | Yellow | c. | White | d. | Brown | | |
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56.
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For
proper growth and hardening of bony structures, the diet should contain an adequate amount of
calcium, phosphorous, and vitamin _____.
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57.
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The
human adult skeleton consists of _____ bones.
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58.
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The
small bones of the inner ears include all of the follow EXCEPT the _____. a. | hyoid | b. | incus | c. | stapes | d. | malleus | | |
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59.
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Which
one of the following statements is the correct distribution of bones? a. | Frontal (1),
parietal (2), occipital (1), temporal (2), sphenoid (1), ethmoid (1) | b. | Maxilla (1),
palatine (1), zygomatic (1), lacrimal (1), nasal (1), vomer (2) | c. | Cervical
vertebrae (7), thoracic vertebrae (7), lumbar vertebrae (12), sacrum (5),
coccyx (1) | d. | Malleus (1), incus (2), stapes (1), hyoid
(2) | | |
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60.
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_____
joints are freely movable. a. | Synarthrotic | b. | Amphiarthrotic | c. | Diarthrotic | d. | Articulararthrotic | |
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