Endocrine System Blood Sugar
This article is intended for massage therapist for review and those students that are getting ready for the national exam.
Glucagon - Glucagon is the hormone that accelerates liver glycogenolysis, glycogenolysis is the chemical process by which glucose stored in the liver cells in the form of glycogen is converted to glucose. This hormone is produced in the pancreas and more specifically in the Islets of Langerhans which increases blood glucose concentration. Its counteracting agent is insulin, because insulin decreases blood glucose concentration and glucagons increase, they are said to be antagonists of each other. Insulin is the hormone that decreases the blood glucose concentration in the bloodstream and can be artificially created but once introduced to the body the body will no longer produce the hormone and patients become dependant on insulin to function. Glucagon, Growth Hormone(GH) and glucocorticoids increase blood glucose concentration.
Type 1 juvenile diabetes mellitus is also known as juvenile diabetes. In type 1 diabetes the islets of Langerhans secrete too little insulin causing less glucose to leave the blood stream and to enter into the cells, so blood glucose levels increase and can become toxic to the body.
Type 2 diabetes also known as diabetes mellitus, insulin decreases and insulin receptors are abnormal resulting in raising blood glucose levels in the blood stream.
Hypoglycemia simple stated is too much insulin in the blood stream which produces the pathology of too little glucose. Hyperglycemia is the opposite too little insulin in the blood stream which produces the pathology of too much glucose in the blood stream. Hypoglycemia is lower than normal blood glucose concentration adn hyperglycemia is higher than normal blood glucose concentration.
Excess glucose is filtered out of the blood by the kidneys and eliminated in the urine in diabetes mellitus and is known as the pathology of glycosuria. hyposecretion of ADH results in the pathology of diabetes insipidus.
